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MBA聯(lián)考英譯漢輔導(dǎo)之重要短語及句型

2014-11-21 10:45 | 太奇MBA網(wǎng)

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  (1) ... not so much...... as (but) ... 與其說……還不如說……

  (2) ... not so much that.....as (but) that...... 與其說……還不如說……

  (3) ... not so much as..... (=not even) 甚至于不……,連……也不……

  (4) ... might as well ... as..... 與其說……還不如說……

  例1:He is not so much a teacher as a scholar.

  譯文:與其說他是老師,還不如說是學(xué)者。(注意翻譯時動作的對象)

  例2:It wasn't so much his appearance I liked as his personality.

  譯文:與其說我喜歡他的外表,不如說我喜歡他的品格。

  例3:It's not so much that I don't want to come but I just haven't got the time.

  譯文:倒不是因為我不想來,而是我根本沒有時間。

  例4:He didn't so much as say thank you after all we'd done for him.

  譯文:我們?yōu)樗闪四敲炊嗍?,他甚至連謝謝都沒有說一聲。

  例5:You might as well throw your money into the sea as lend it to him.

  譯文:與其將錢借給他,還不如把錢丟進大海。(注意翻譯時動作的對象)

  [注意]:more ... than ...

  1) she is more beautiful than her sister. 她比她姐姐漂亮。

  2) George is more intelligent than aggressive. 與其說喬治言行放肆,不如說他聰穎過人??荚嚧?/span>

  以上第1句是more... than結(jié)構(gòu)的一般用法,即在兩個不同的事物之間就同一方面作比較;而第2句是就同一個人的兩個不同方面作比較。因此要譯成“與其說……還不如說……”。

  more...than結(jié)構(gòu)在上述1) 2)兩句中的用法也適用于less ... than結(jié)構(gòu),得出相反的含義:

  例如:

  1) John is less daring than quick-witted. 與其說約翰膽大,不如說他腦子靈活。

  2) George was less intelligent than aggressive. 與其說喬治聰穎過人,不如說他言行放肆。

  幾個不定代詞的固定搭配:

  have none of: 不參加;不準(zhǔn);不接受

  I will have none of your stupid ideas! 我才不接受你那愚蠢的想法!

  He was offered a job but he said he’d have none of it. 他有一個工作機會,但他說他不接受。

  none but (=nothing but): 只有 (=only)

  None but the brave deserves the fair. 只有英雄才配得上美人。

  She chose none but the best. 她只選最好的。

  She is nothing but a child. 她只不過是個孩子。

  none other than: (表示驚訝)不是別人,正是…… (= no one else but)

  It’s none other than Tom! We thought you were in Africa.

  none the +比較級詞+ for: 毫不,一點也不

  He spent 2 weeks in hospital but he’s none the better for it.

  他在醫(yī)院里待了兩個星期,但一點也沒好轉(zhuǎn)。

  My car is none the worse for wear. 我的車子一點也沒有損耗。

  none the wiser: 不知情

  If we take only one piece of cake, mother will be none the wiser.

  如果我們只拿一小塊蛋糕,母親是不會知道的。

  none too: (在形容詞或副詞前) 不太;一點都不

  The service in this restaurant is none too fast. 這家旅館的服務(wù)一點效率都沒有。

  anything but: ①除---之外什么都(此處的but等于except)②決不(=not at all)

  I eat anything but (except) fish. 除了魚,我什么都吃。

  She is anything but a good cook. 她決不是個好廚師。(即:除了好廚師,她什么都是。)

  anything of: ①(疑問句/條件句)一點點;②(否定句)一點也(沒有)

  Is he anything of a poet? 他有一點點詩人的樣子嗎?

  I haven’t seen anything of him lately. 最近我沒有見過他。

  for anything: (否定句)(給什么都)不,決不

  I won’t go there for anything. 我決不去那里。

  or anything: (意味著還有其他的可能性)

  If Bernard wants to call me or anything, I’ll be here all day.

  如果伯納德要找我或什么的,我整天都會在這兒。

  if anything: 若有任何不同的話

  If anything, my new job is harder than my old one.

  要說有什么不同的話,我的新工作反而比舊工作要難些。

  or something: 或什么的(表示說話者不能肯定)

  She is a stewardess or something. 她是空姐或什么的。

  something like: 有點像,大約

  An airship is shaped something like a cigar. 飛船的形狀有點像雪茄。

  something of a...: 多少有點,有幾分像,略懂

  he’s something of a book collector. 他有幾分像書籍收藏家。

  something to / in: (敘述等)有些道理

  There’s something to / in what you say; I’ll take your advice.

  你說的有些道理,我會接受你的建議

  have / be something to do with: 與……有關(guān)

  I think Guy Fawkes had / was something to do with a plan to blow up the bridge.

  我想蓋佛克跟圖謀炸毀橋梁有關(guān)。

  nothing but (= none but = only): 僅僅,只不過

  We could see nothing but fog. 除了霧之外我們什么也看不見。

  for nothing: ①免費的; ②徒勞的; ③無緣無故的

  She got the ticket for nothing. 她免費得到那張票。

  All our preparation for nothing! No one’s even come to the party.

  我們?yōu)檠鐣鞯臏?zhǔn)備都白費了! 連一個人都沒來。

  They quarreled for nothing. 他們無緣無故地爭吵。

  make nothing of: (常和can一起用)不理解;不重視,輕視 (= think nothing of)

  I could make nothing of the passage. 我不理解這篇文章。

  He makes / thinks nothing of working ten hours a day. 他不在乎一天工作十小時。

  to say nothing of: 更不用說(= not to mention / without mentioning)

  Three people were badly hurt, to say nothing of damage to the building.

  三個人受了重傷,建筑物的損害更不用說了。

  have nothing to do with: 與……無關(guān)

  I have nothing to do with the accident. 我與這場事故無關(guān)。

  nothing if not: 格外地;非常地 (= very / much / extremely)

  He was nothing if not clever. (= He was very clever.) 他格外聰明。

  nothing of: 無……的部分;無……的氣質(zhì)

  There was nothing of the lady in her behavior. 她的舉止根本沒有淑女的氣質(zhì)。

  區(qū)別:

  all but 幾乎,差一點,除……以外其余都是

  but for要不是

  but that+從句:若不是……

  例1:She all but fainted when she heard the news.

  譯文:她聽到這一消息時幾乎暈倒了。

  注:此句中a11 but意為nearly,almost。

  試對比:

  All but the little children thought that the trip was exciting.

  譯文:除了小孩,大家都認(rèn)為這次旅行是激動人心的。

  此句中all but意為a11 except。

  例2:But for the rain we should have a pleasant journey.

  譯文:要不是下雨,我們的旅行本來是愉快的。

  例3:He would have helped us but that he was short of money at the time.

  譯文:若不是他那時缺錢,他是會幫助我們的。

  注

  1).but that引導(dǎo)的從句中謂語用陳述語氣。

  2).but that有靈活的譯法。

  如:Nothing would satisfy that child but that I place her on my lap.(那孩子什么都不要,只要我把她抱在懷里。)

  “名詞+or+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中or后的名詞是同位語,應(yīng)譯為“即……;或者稱……”

  例1:Moreover, technology includes techniques, or ways to do things, as well as the machines that may or may not be necessary to apply them.

  譯文:再者,除機器外技術(shù)還包括技藝,即制作方法,而動用這些技藝并不一定都需要機器。

  “only + to do”意為“……,結(jié)果卻……”,即表示與句子謂語動作的目的相反的結(jié)果。

  例1: They don't have to pay for expensive seats at the theatre, the cinema or the opera, onlyto discover, perhaps, that the show is disappointing.

  譯文:他們不必花錢去戲院、電影院或歌劇院買價格很貴的票,(如果去了,)結(jié)果卻可能發(fā)現(xiàn),所演的節(jié)目令人失望。

  例2: They hurried there only to find the meeting canceled.

  譯文:他們匆匆忙忙趕到那兒,結(jié)果卻發(fā)現(xiàn)會議被取消了。

  not more / -er than 與 no more / -er than 結(jié)構(gòu)

  比較:

  John is not better than Tom.

  John is no better than Tom.

  前一句表示“約翰不比湯姆好”,屬于普通的比較結(jié)構(gòu);后一例用了no 情況就不同了。no better than 相當(dāng)于as bad as,含義是兩人一樣壞。這里,“no + 形容詞或副詞比較級 + than”所表示的可以說是該形容詞或副詞的反意。

  例如: no richer than = as poor as 和……一樣窮

  no bigger than = as small as 和……一樣小

  no later than = as early as 和……一樣早

  同樣地:

  I have not taken more than six courses this semester.

  I have taken no more than six courses this semester.

  前一句的含義是本學(xué)期選的課不多于六門;后一句的含義是只選了六門。強調(diào)“少”。

  上述結(jié)構(gòu)與表示前后都否定的no more...than (= not...any more than)又有所不同:

  例:A whale is no more a fish than a horse is.(鯨和馬同樣不是魚。)

  另外,在某些結(jié)構(gòu)中,單獨使用more than 也能表示否定概念:

  例1:That is more than I can tell. 我簡直不能說。

  例2:My trip to Beijing is more than sightseeing. 我去北京不僅僅是旅游觀光而已。

  no more...than... (= not...any more than) 和……—樣都不……(表示前后都否定)

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